Faraday's Effect
| List of Equipment | Equipment used in this experiment |
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| Equipment Manuals | Lock-in Amplifier |
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| Student's Manual | This experiment extends the concept of optical activity of chiral solution to magnetically induced birefringence through the historically important Faraday Effect, which reveals the rich interplay between optics and magnetism. |
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| Sample Results | Faraday rotation varies linearly with magnetic field Maximum rotation is observed when analyzer is oriented at 45 degree w.r.t polarizer | |
| Further Readings and References | "A simple experiment for determining Verdet constants using alternating current magnetic fields", Jain, A., Kumar, J., Li, L., and Tripathy, S. American Journal of Physics 67 (8), 714-717 (1999). “A Faraday rotation experiment for undergraduate laboratory" Loeffler, F. J. American Journal of Physics 51 (7), 661-663 (1983) |
Noise and Autocorrelation
| List of Equipment | Equipment used in this experiment | |
| Student's Manual | The experiment gives you an introduction to noise and its analysis. Our main objective in this experiment is to investigate many statistical properties of white noise. This experiment is divided into sections, such that each section introduces one of the key concepts, and finally this culminates to our final objective. | |
| Sample Results | White noise with RC Filter of cut off frequency of 500Hz PRBS generator output after level shifter Normalized autocorrelation with different cut off frequencies | |
| Further Readings and References | "Autocorrelation of Electrical Noise: An undergraduate Experiment", Loren, J., Collings, B. C., and Collings, P. J., American Journal of Physics 63 (7), 592-595 (1995). “Investigating Properties of White Noise in the Undergraduate Laboratory" Umer Hassan, Shoaib Shamim , M. Sabieh Anwar. European Journal of Physics 30, 1143-1151 (2009) |